The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway on the palmar side of the wrist that protects the median nerve and tendons responsible for flexing the fingers and thumb. It is formed by the carpal bones and the transverse carpal ligament, which provides a tight space for the median nerve to pass through. The median nerve is a major nerve that controls sensation and movement in the hand, and its Compression can lead to a range of problems, including numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand and wrist.
Structure of the Carpal Tunnel
The carpal tunnel is composed of several key structures, including:
- Carpal bones: These are the eight small bones that make up the wrist joint.
- Transverse carpal ligament: This is a strong band of tissue that forms the roof of the carpal tunnel.
- Median nerve: This is the major nerve that passes through the carpal tunnel and controls sensation and movement in the hand.
- Tendons: These are the tissues that connect muscles to bones and allow for movement of the fingers and thumb.
Functions of the Carpal Tunnel
The carpal tunnel serves several important functions, including:
- Protection of the median nerve: The carpal tunnel provides a safe passageway for the median nerve to pass through the wrist, protecting it from injury and compression.
- Support for tendons: The carpal tunnel provides a channel for the tendons to pass through, allowing for smooth movement of the fingers and thumb.
- Stability of the wrist: The carpal tunnel helps to stabilize the wrist joint, allowing for a range of movements and activities.
Importance of the Carpal Tunnel
The carpal tunnel plays a vital role in the functioning of the hand and wrist. Damage or compression of the median nerve can lead to a range of problems, including carpal tunnel syndrome, which can cause numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand and wrist. It is essential to take care of the carpal tunnel and seek medical attention if any problems arise.